Do blind people use Instagram?
Visual impairment is not black and white, there are many levels between fully functional vision and being completely blind. Hearing impairment, and mobility impairment also have many varying levels, but in the case of mobility impairment, those differences are more clearly visible – or at least you might think they are. Someone traveling in a wheelchair might or might not be able to support their own weight, just like someone traveling with a cane might or might not have some level of functional vision. This applies to hearing impaired as well, just because someone’s primary method of communication is sign language does not mean they are completely hearing impaired. So, if you see me on my phone browsing social media, I might actually be looking at photos, but in a different way than you do.
It might surprise you to learn that many blind people regularly use Instagram, Facebook and Twitter, but depending on how the content creator posts their information, some of these services are easier to use than others.
What is alt text?
Alt text is a short phrase that is used to identify images, typically on web pages. Screen readers use the alt text tag to give visually impaired viewers information about the image being displayed. Most social media platforms have options for content creators to use alt text to add accessibility to posted content. Facebook (and soon Instagram) are automatically adding alt text to memes and other images rather successfully. This doesn’t mean that you should rely on Facebook or Instagram to generate the alt text for you, because we all want control of our posted content.
The alt text tag comes historically from HTML web language, you can see it in action on many websites, Hovering over a web image will often display a description, which comes from the alt text entered for that image. The alt text is also used by many content engines in place of an image which does not load. You might be asking how alt text can help content providers expand their audience, but you might need to change your mindset on what alt text is really intended for.
SEO vs. ALT Text
Anyone reading articles about getting started in Instagram, will quickly notice that most of the authors of these articles highly recommend using the image description and/or alt text description as another opportunity to add a bunch of tags for Search Engine Optimization (SEO). However, I will show you that if used properly, alt text and image descriptions can not only increase your ranking on SEO, but it can improve the experience of blind and visually impaired viewers of your content.
Visual Storytelling
Instagrammers are often referred as visual storytellers. Because of the limitations of the platform, you have a finite amount of space to describe your image in a way that the algorithm will bring you to the top of the heap in viewers feeds. Often content creators have to rely on tag clouds (comments with tags) and location tags to add additional information to the image in hopes of getting a better ranking on a very congested social media platform. This is where the improper use of alt text comes in to play for many creators, they will flood the alt text field with tags rather than add useful information for blind and visually impaired viewers as it is intended. As a storyteller, look at the alt text for Instagram posts as another opportunity to tell the story about your image. First, start thinking about what goes into writing a good image description.
Straightforward and clear
Screen readers often break up long text into smaller more manageable pieces. It is easier for those using screen readers if you provide a clear straightforward description of your image. With this in mind, look at the image above. You might be tempted to say something like “girls on the beach” as your description, but does that really tell the story? Don’t just think about whether it is males or females and how many of them and where they are, think about it in terms of the story. “Six girls wearing rainbow swimsuits facing away from the camera with heir hands in the air sitting on a sandy beach with clear blue sky” is a description that would let you close your eyes and imagine the content of the image. If you were selling a product like swimsuits, you could add the brand name, or the specific colors of the products. This description could also be expanded to include the location of the shot if it were taken in Cozumel, Mexico for example. I opted to not include the location because there were no identifying landmarks or structures in the image, but if you were promoting a vacation property there is no reason you could not include that. Screen reader will read tags is you prefer to put them in #hashtag form, but it is a good idea to limit yourself to a couple. Search Engines will also process this additional information and hashtags when it crawls your posting. Once you have your description done, how do you add it to your new Instagram post?
Adding alt text to Instagram post
- Start by uploading (or taking) a photo to Instagram
- Add filters and edit the image, click Next
- Scroll down, and tap on “Advanced Settings” at the bottom of the screen
- Click on “Write Alt Text”
- Write your alternative text in the box provided and click Done (iOS) or Save (Android).
- To finish posting, click back. Finish your post with caption, tag accounts, etc. as you normally would.
- Tap “Share” once you are ready
Revisit old posts?
Is it worth revisiting old posts and adding alt text? Of course. Any post you would like additional SEO for, and to increase your audience for would benefit from properly implemented alt text descriptions.
Why add alt text
- Makes your content more inclusive for people with visual impairments
- Adds additional information for the Instagram algorithm
- Expands your content’s discoverability way beyond Instagram
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Railway stations ‘mapped’ for visually impaired passengers
Sussex are taking accessibility to the next level for some of their railway stations. The improvements implemented to make the stations more accessible to blind and visually impaired travelers include some great looking tactile maps manufactured by the Royal National Institute of Blind People, higher contrast markings on stairs and public address system quality upgrades.
I love to see public transportation accessibility being upgraded. I live in the United States and I wish there were more programs to increase the accessibility and functionality of public transportation here. Granted our transportation infrastructure is nowhere near the UK in terms of quality and functionality, but we can strive to get there. Better quality maps, and higher contest marking for stairs are beneficial to all riders. I really like the improvement of the public address system. Its a simple thing, but making it easier to understand which trains are arriving and departing can reduce stress on all riders, not just the hearing and vision impaired. As they continue to improve their mapping and accessibility for the railway stations I will report back. In the meantime, here is a list of the currently upgraded stations.
Stations in the south to benefit from the investment
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Brighton- Update of tactile maps
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Crawley – ramp enhancements
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Goring by Sea – stairs enhancement
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Haywards Heath – update of tactile maps
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Shoreham – stairs enhancement
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Three Bridges -New ticket gate wide enough for wheelchairs, buggies and people with luggage
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Worthing – stairs enhancement
You ca read more about the improvements they are making at the link below.
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The importance of real time audio descriptions for the news
I have been thinking about something for a while now, and I finally sat down to write an article about it. Why don’t television stations offer real time audio descriptions for blind and visually impaired viewers during live broadcasts like they do real time subtitles for those who are hearing impaired? It seems like this should be a service that should be available out of fairness and accessibility for all.
Real time
When an important breaking news story happens, or a premiere sporting event like the Super bowl etc. Provisions are made for viewers who are hearing impaired, but not for those who are visually impaired. As recently as 2019, the FCC is debating the importance of real time closed captioning especially for news programs, something that they state benefits the general public. In an article from tvtechnology.com:
Citing a recent study that noted that 80% of viewers who use captioning are not hearing impaired, Suzy Rosen Singleton, chief of the CGB Disability Rights Office for the FCC, noted that “captioning really has become ubiquitous and is a huge benefit for the general population.”
Here is a link to the article from tvtechnology that talks about the FCC and real time closed captioning.
https://www.tvtechnology.com/news/fcc-debates-evolution-of-live-captioning-for-news
Since such a large number of viewers use closed captioning, it makes monetary sense for media companies to consider the cost of hiring employees dedicated to real time closed captioning. I fear that this is not the case for real time audio descriptions for those of us who are vision impaired. This is a disheartening fact because the importance of real time news is as important to the visually impaired community as it is to the hearing impaired community. What would be involved in offering real time audio description to news programs and live events? Infrastructure change and cost.
The cost
Adding real time audio descriptions for blind and visually impaired viewers to news (especially breaking news) would of course include media companies bringing on the staff who voice the content, just like they would the staff to do real time closed captioning. The real problem is the dilemma of where the content would be delivered to the viewers. Most televisions in households today only have one Second Audio Program per channel (SAP) and that is generally utilized for non-English languages. This means that media companies would likely have to utilize a dedicated channel for the foreseeable future until industry-wide changes could be made. I don’t work in the television industry, so I am unsure if changes could even be made to allow channels to carry more than one SAP. Adoption would need to happen across the board from media companies which broadcast and produce the content, to cable providers and television and set-top box manufacturers. This all seems like an insurmountable amount of change that would need to happen to provide valuable content to blind and visually impaired viewers, but they made these changes for the hearing impaired, it just took time and a loud voice to advocate for change.
What is happening?
First and foremost, when a national disaster or large breaking news event happens, blind and visually impaired viewers will not be restricted to what the news anchors are saying. I’m not going to make this political in any way, but I will reference the latest major breaking news event, the January 6th riots at the capitol. As I watched the news that day and listened to the anchors talk about what was going on, it was crystal clear that they were not delivering the moment-to-moment happenings as they were saying “look at that” and “can you believe that” because they were delivering the commentary based on the assumption that their viewers could see the content on the screen, This leaves blind and visually impaired viewers out in the cold in terms of knowing what is happening on the screen. Again, I’m not making this political which is why I am not mentioning the stations I was watching the events unfold on. The capitol riot is only the latest example, I can remember back to 9/11 listening to the anchors gasping in disbelief when the towers fell, and me wondering what was going on.
Benefits
As I mentioned earlier, since the infrastructure is not there on the televisions and set top boxes in people’s living rooms, it would likely come to media companies to secure another channel for delivering audio described content. Media companies have to lease the space for each channel they utilize on a service so a dedicated channel for audio described content is not likely. This is a sad truth even though the new channel would give the media company a targeted audience for advertisement. It is unlikely the delivery of real time audio descriptions would be seen as useful to the general public.
Solutions
It seems like the only way to get this sort of service offered would be for companies like Apple or Roku that are content providers and also offer streaming boxes which have an audio channel for audio described content when available to step up and offer some sort of news programming with real time closed captioning and audio descriptions. Those of us who are disabled and would value such content would certainly support the additional charge for such a service. The problem with companies like Apple offering real time news programming is lies with the politically charged climate and division over news programming, it would likely have the negative consequence of seeming to align the company providing the content with a political party.
Inventers like Amir Mujezin who is visually impaired himself are also a good place to look for a solution to adding real time audio descriptions to content. He recently debuted a tool which will allow audio descriptions to be implemented into movies at a much-reduced cost compared to traditional methods. Innovate individuals like Mr. Mujezin will I am sure eventually be able to create a device which can give real time descriptions to on-screen content, it is just going to take time. Here is a link to an article which explains the new tool Mr. Mujezin has created.:
Amir Mujezin designed a Tool for visually impaired People to better experience the Content
We can do it!
To get the ball rolling on the needed change, the blind and visually impaired community need to find a member of congress who would be willing to pick this up as a pet project. The overwhelming amount of change to have a viable audio described content solution implemented is staggering, but just because the problem is large doesn’t mean it is impossible. If the media companies hear from their subscribers in large enough numbers, they will sit up and start to take notice of the situation. This is a valuable service and it has already been implemented industry wide for the hearing impaired, so why should we think that with that president in place that they would not be willing to implement the same convenience for the visually impaired community.
Your opinion?
With a problem that requires a large solution like this I am sure that I have missed some important points on the topic. I’d love to hear what you think. Drop me a message here or on social media links below and let me know your thoughts. I’m willing to help get this started if I could get help.
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IBM creates app to help blind people socially distance
When the COVID-19 pandemic first hit, many things changed very quickly and accessibility was not considered into many of the new guidelines and rules put into place. Stores places sighs on the floor marking aisles for one-way traffic and there were a million signs put up instructing patrons to stay six feet apart and socially distance. Being blind or visually impaired instantly became ever a larger issue than it was previously. We could not read the signs, we could not see the one-way signs and socially distancing when you can’t see where the person in front of you is was a nightmare. Personally I found it even more difficult because my guide dog Fauna has no idea about social distancing. She is a social animal and is trained to walk right up to the person in front of us in a line. More than one I was yelled at in a store for going the wrong way down an aisle or standing too close to a person in line, so frustrating.
The researchers at IBM have created a smartphone app called LineChaser which uses vibration and audible cues to help blind and visually impaired users stay the proper distance apart. IBM is well known for creating cutting edge object detection devices including heir suitcase-sized navigation system which uses LiDAR and RGB-D to detect objects and aid users in navigating the world.
LineChaser does not require any special hardware, the app uses an off-the-shelf smartphone. It would be really easy for a blind or visually impaired user to sit back and say that this app should have been out last year, but development takes time. I worked in product development for 20 years and fully understand that the development of this app likely took time to design, implement and allocate development personnel. Regardless of the release date, I love to see companies, especially large ones like IBM developing apps that will make life easier for their blind and visually impaired users. LineChaser is not only for use during pandemic times, waiting in a line at the airport is one of the most frustrating things you can do as a blind or visually impaired person. First you have to find the end of the line, which can change over time, then you need to follow the person in front of you as the line moves. This task is significantly easier if you have a guide dog, but of course not everyone does. LineChaser has some great possibilities for alleviating the frustration of one aspect of blind life.
You can read more about the LineChaser app here
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Youth Not so bored game night every week via zoom
The Lighthouse for the Blind offer a ton of great resources and programs for the blind and visually impaired. I can personally vouch for the Lighthouse because I have worked with them and visited their campus a few times. I have found everyone there from the students to the team incredibly welcoming and friendly. One of the cool programs they offer is a weekly board game night via ZOOM for students under the age of 18 who are blind or visually impaired.
Who: students under 18 that are blind or have low vision
What: weekly game night and guest mentor spotlight via zoom When: Tuesday evenings from 7:00 pm – 8:30 pm
Where: Anywhere you can access a Zoom meeting
RSVP: Zoom meeting information will be shared with those that RSVP by 5:00 pm of the day before the program
Parents & Guardians: we’d love your help getting your children connected to our virtual program, however, once they have joined, we ask that you please give them the space to participate individually.
It can be difficult to socialize when you are blind or visually impaired, but the addition of the COVID-19 pandemic have made it even worse. Many of my blind and visually impaired friends are finding themselves lonely and feeling trapped in their own homes because of pandemic fear. Programs like the ones offered from Lighthouse for the Blind can alleviate some of that lonely or isolated feeling. They are really great people give them a call.
You can read more about this program here
https://lighthouse-sf.org/mc-events/not-so-bored-game-night-online-4/?mc_id=10169
I love to hear from my readers, feel free to drop me a line and connect. I love to hear what you think about the articles I post and am interested to hear what you would like to see more of in terms of content.
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I’m giving away a limited edition photo print!
I’m giving away a limited-edition print for my yearly follow-fest. If you follow me on Instagram @nedskee between now and June 1, 2021 you will be entered to win this print. I will choose one random winner from all the entries. And contact the winner via direct message. If you follow me on Twitter, @nedskee you will get an additional entry. There is no cost to enter, all you need to do is follow me.
https://www.instagram.com/nedskee/
@nedskee
I don’t sell my work. So, the only way to get one of my prints is through this yearly contest. Thanks and I look forward to connecting with you!
My Photography site: http://www.tahquechi.com/
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InnoMake smart shoe warns blind and visually impaired people of obstacles
Just like the cane Microsoft is sponsoring, these smart shoes offer sensors that can warn the user of potential obstacles in their path. The manufacturer says they connect to your smartphone and have a battery life that can last up to a week. For those of us who still have a tiny amount of vision, these shoes could be life changing.
Considerations
Without testing them it is difficult to know how they would compare to a white cane. It would be nice to have both hands freed up and available for scanning and catching yourself. The distance the sensors scan the area in front of you is the biggest concern here. If they can be tuned so that they reach the distance a cane wound it would be great. I hope the angle of the field scanned by the sensors can also be adjusted by the user so that the sensors on the shoes can match the scanned area that the white cane usually covers.
I do like that the rechargeable batteries last up to a week. I would not like to have to run home and plug my shoes in like I have to do with my smartphone. Hopefully the app that the shoes use on the phone track the remaining battery life and warn the user if the battery is low.
You can read the whole story about these great new shoes here:
https://www.inceptivemind.com/innomake-smart-shoe-warns-blind-visually-impaired-people-obstacles/18863/
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Some In-Person Courses Resume At Wisconsin Center For The Blind And Visually Impaired
It has been quite some time since I was in school, but I can only imagine how difficult it has been for blind and visually impaired students to suffer through the changes required to stay safe from the pandemic. For most visually impaired students, learning in-person is difficult enough, let alone having to do it on a video screen in a tiny little window. In a sure sign that things are starting to get back to normal, In-person courses are starting back up at the Wisconsin Venter for the blind and visually impaired.
The ability to begin safely offering in-person instruction is a positive step towards our goal of offering on-site instruction to all of our students during the 2021-2022 school year,” Dan Wenzel, the center’s director, said.
Many people who are visually impaired also have secondary health concerns as well. Seeing these courses resume after the COVID-19 pandemic means that other areas of our lives will be returning to normal. I believe the Wisconsin Center for the blind and visually impaired will be taking all the necessary precautions in their preparation to keep these students safe.
Here is a link to the entire article
https://www.wpr.org/some-person-courses-resume-wisconsin-center-blind-and-visually-impaired
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Why do guide dogs stop at every corner?
A guide dog and their handler are considered a team, they go everywhere together, and the dog is responsible for not only keeping their handler safe from obstacles, but also providing subtle cues for the location of the team along their route. The other day, I crossed a street and a car pulled up ahead of my guide Fauna and a gentleman stepped out of his car and politely asked if he could ask me a question. He explained that he always sees guide dog teams stopping at corners of both sides of the street and wanted to ask me some questions. I’m always willing to educate about the role of the guide dog when traveling, so I answered his questions which prompted this article to hopefully educate others.
The Route
Guide dogs love to traverse their routes, whether it is to go to the store, to the park or just to Starbucks for a coffee. I can tell my guide which route we are headed on and she is happy to lead on and get me there safe. This is not to say the guides aren’t totally comfortable wandering the mall or going shopping, They are super happy to go when they know there is a clear destination involved.
Keeping us safe
As we travel our route, there are obstacles we encounter, like trash cans, low tree branches other dogs, and of course street corners. The guides are well trained and know how to handle each obstacle. Sometimes, like in the case of a tree branch or a garbage can, the guide will deftly steer the handler around each object in the path. In the case of street corners, they stop and curl their bodies in front of the handler. The guide is trained to stop at each corner, the down curb (where you enter the street) and the up curb (where you exit the street.). You might think that stopping at the down curb when entering the street makes sense but not on the other side. Where they stop, you are often left with a little bit of your backside in the edge of the street. If the guide didn’t stop at the up curb though the handler would not know when you were exiting the street, and often there is a curb to step up onto when reacquiring the sidewalk. If you are expecting the team to step right up off the street, it can be a bit confusing when you see the dog stop at both curbs. Crossing a street is stressful, and I personally love the fact that my guide Fauna lets me know when I am safe and out of the street.
Target acquired
When a visually impaired person is traveling from point A to B, whether they are using a guide dog or a white cane, they are traveling my landmark. Along the path, the visually impaired traveler knows where the planters, benches, fences etc. are all located. Each time you reach a known landmark, it reaffirms your location. Curbs are a big landmark because when you reach a curb you know you are in the right spot and headed in the right direction, and know where you need to go next. Curbs are the “big deal” and are important landmarks for blind travel. This is why the guides make what seems to be a big deal about stopping at curbs.
Did you learn anything? Did you find this article useful? Please feel free to share on your social media to spread the word. If you have any questions, feel free to drop me a message on my social media links below.
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Why is adaptive technology so expensive?
If you are visually impaired or know someone who is, then undoubtable you have experienced the shock and horror or how expensive adaptive technology can be. I remember looking at JAWS right after my car accident (that caused me to lose my sight) and thinking that $1200 for a one seat license was just astronomical. Especially when you consider that blind and visually impaired people are among the highest in terms of unemployment. With that in mind, why are technologies that make life easier for the blind and visually impaired so expensive?
Supply and Demand
A CCTV costs upwards of $3000, and at its most basic function allows visually impaired users to place anything (mail, book, recipe etc.) under the camera and enlarge it onto a screen allowing the user to read and work easier. The reasoning behind the high cost for these devices resides in the fact that manufacturers who make technologies or software for the blind and visually impaired communities are creating products for a small niche of society. A CCTV is an amazing thing for me, but a normal member of society without a visual impairment has no use for it, so the pool of potential customers looking to purchase these products is small. A general use product like a cellphone can have the costs for development, marketing and manufacturing amortized across millions or tens of millions of units. The manufacturers of CCTVs and assistive software don’t have that luxury, so they have to increase their prices due to smaller demand. When you purchase any product part of the cost is research and development that is needed for the future versions of the product. The higher cost of adaptive technology often causes visually impaired people to search for alternative technologies.
Alternatives
You might be thinking that your cellphone will enlarge stuff and it doesn’t cost $3000. You are correct, there are apps available for every cell phone which allow the user to magnify something, and because of the price of CCTVs, many visually impaired people (myself included) struggle through with lesser options like this which runs battery life down dramatically. I personally can’t afford the JAWS, screen reader for my computer, so I use a cheaper screen reader made by NextUp technologies called TextAloud. The sad thing about alternative software options is that they are usually not updated as often or the company finds out that creating software for the visually impaired is not as lucrative as they thought. You might be wondering about some other options that could help you get the software and assistive hardware that you need, here are some great resources.
Other options
State services
If you live in the United States, every state has either a Department of the blind, or a department offering vocational education and training services. A simple google search can get you on the path, and these state run services can often help pay for the adaptive technology or get it for you outright. Be aware that there is often a waiting list for these services, and if you mention that you need the technology for work or education, you can likely be pushed closer to the top of the list.
Grants
Grants are a great way to get the technology you need, but a web search will reveal that there are a ton of companies looking to help you get the funding you need for technology, but who can you trust? Some offer high to medium interest loans and other programs, my suggestion is to check out the American Council of the Blind resource page to get you started. They work with verified sources. While you are at it, sign up to be a member of the ACB, they are great people and can also help you get on the right track to getting the adaptive technology you need. They are also a great resource for community participation and offer a lot of great programs for those who are blind and visually impaired.
Second Hand
Often as a loved one has aged, they will acquire adaptive technology, when they no longer need the equipment, loved ones will often sell these items on eBay for a reasonable price. A good friend of mine got a CCTV that was a couple years old for $300 – not bad. You often have to spend a lot of time searching, and keeping an eye on auctions which can be frustrating.
Conclusion
If you are struggling with the high price of assistive technologies, keep hope, there are places that can help you to get what you need. Sometimes you just have to jump through more hoops than you want to. Companies that make CCTVs and other technologies often have programs or grants to help their users get the tools they need, it doesn’t hurt to send off a nicely worded email to their marketing department and inquire.
If all else fails and you are still hitting a roadblock when it comes to finding funds for assistive technology that you need, consider trying a GoFundMe. Be aware that this solution comes with a tax liability and you will be responsible for taxes on any money raised. Realize also that GoFundMe takes a percentage of the total raised for their fee, so many sure to set the amount you want to raise appropriately. I always recommend that you consider donating something to an organization that helps the visually impaired if you are going to go the GoFundMe route. I personally use Guide Dogs for the Blind as my go-to donation source.
What do you think? Did you find any of this information useful? I’d love to hear form you feel free to contact me via social media or the contact for here.
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Article Resources
American Council of the Blind Resources page: https://www.acb.org/content/funding-assistive-technology-resources
American Council of the Blind Home: https://www.acb.org/
NextUp Technologies (TextAloud Reader): https://nextup.com/